Goodbye, please don’t cry, I will always love you

“I’ve never been offended by all the dumb blonde jokes people tell about me.  You know why?  It’s because I know I’m not dumb… and I also know I’m not blonde.

This famous Dolly Parton quote succinctly captures her essence:  Keen self-awareness.  Genuine humility.  Positive attitude.  A wonderful sense of humor.

And now, it seems impossible, but it’s true. Dolly is gone.

This extraordinary woman, who has managed to shine in multiple disciplines (songwriting, singing, recording, performing, films, television, entertainment businesses and philanthropic endeavors), died Tuesday, August 25th, at age 80. As David Graham of The Atlantic put it: “During one of the most divisive eras in modern times, Parton was perhaps the only person in the U.S. who commanded universal affection. Her death leaves an absence that no contemporary cultural figure could dream of filling.”

I’ve written way too many obituaries on this blog since I started it in 2015, but this week I’m finding it especially challenging because Dolly Parton felt to many folks like one of those people who would always be with us. Her influence transcended generations, musical tastes and political lines. It seems that everyone loved her.

The outpouring of grief and loss and earnest tribute these past few days has been pretty much unprecedented. Her close friends, compatriots and collaborators in the music industry have bared their hearts and souls, of course, as have celebrities in film, politics, community outreach and other professions.

“We are all crushed here at our house,” said Vince Gill. “One of the most beautiful sounds I’ve ever heard was when Dolly and I sang that last note of ‘I Will Always Love You’ the year we performed it on the CMA Awards [in 1995].”

“A world without Dolly doesn’t seem possible, or real, or right,” said Taylor Swift. “She gave us someone to look up to while encouraging us to be who we are as individuals.”

Even British art rocker Peter Gabriel was moved to comment. “Maybe the Smoky Mountains should now have their own giant Rushmore-like carving of their own daughter, Dolly – the little girl who grew up to become the Queen of America.”

The public at large, too, have been crying their eyes out for this truly beloved woman and the kind, selfless way she lived her life. In Nashville, where she has lived for six decades, there’s already a move afoot to rename the airport as Dolly Parton International Airport, and I have little doubt that’ll happen. One man on social media called for a national day of mourning, adding, “We need a Dolly Revolution. Let’s Make America Kind Again.”

In front of Parton’s Nashville estate this week

As much as she accomplished in the entertainment industry, she is being lauded much more for her generosity, her contagious bright light, her inspiring words and actions. A motivational speaker and life coach named Krista Demcher summed it up succinctly in a social media post Thursday morning:

“Imagine spending 80 years on the planet writing more than 3,000 songs, winning 11 Grammys and 10 CMAs, having 55 Top Ten hits, an Emmy and countless other nominations, and at the end of your life, no one talks about that. Instead, they talk about the kind of person you were; how you loved others well, how you stayed true to yourself, how you were generous and would champion others, and how you inspired others to do the same. If that’s not the goal, then I don’t know what is.”

I’d like to tip my hat to a writer named Bill Friskics-Warren, who wrote an exceptional tribute to Parton in The New York Times, published less than 24 hours after she passed away. Here are a few passages:

“Stylistically, Ms. Parton’s music ran the gamut: mountain bluegrass and soul-inflected countrypolitan, disco-era pop and covers of classic rock touchstones written by Neil Young and Led Zeppelin — all of it rendered indelible by her irrepressible spirit and alternately keening and gossamer soprano drawl.”

“Ms. Parton cannily exploited — and transcended — rural stereotypes and kitsch to fashion a down-home chic entirely her own. (‘A country girl’s idea of glam,’ she called it in the 2007 song ‘Backwoods Barbie.’) In the process, she became an international celebrity who headlined stadium tours, starred in Hollywood movies, built a business empire and appeared on the covers of Rolling Stone and Playboy magazines.  Her at times girlish soprano notwithstanding, she was anything but the ‘dumb blonde’ invoked in the title of her 1966 single.

‘I’ve created this and played it up — the makeup, the whole persona,’ Ms. Parton said, alluding to her plastic surgeries as well as her colloquial Dollyisms. ‘But this isn’t all I am. It’s not even most of what I am. Hopefully, people can see beneath the hair to know there’s a brain, see beneath the boobs to know there’s a heart, and see behind all the other stuff to know there’s some talent.”

Parton in 1982

If you’re looking for proof that Dolly Parton is not a “dim bulb,” as she might put it, there’s a revealing story about what happened — or what could have happened, but didn’t — with one of her most famous songs.

In 1973, Parton wrote “I Will Always Love You,” which was meant as a fond tribute to her friend and singing partner, Porter Wagoner, with whom she was amicably ending a seven-year professional collaboration.  Dolly recorded it herself, and then watched as it soared to #1 on the Hot Country charts (although it didn’t even make the Pop charts).

None other than Elvis Presley let it be known that he loved the song and wanted to do his own version.  He was all set to record it when Presley’s manager, Colonel Tom Parker, told Parton that it was customary for songwriters to give up half of the publishing rights to Presley for any song he recorded.  While others had gladly agreed to this just to have Elvis sing their song, Parton ended up politely declining.

“I said, ‘I’m really sorry, I just can’t do it,'” she recalled years later, “and I cried all night.  I was still relatively new in the business, and I mean, it was like, ‘Oh, my God, it’s Elvis Presley.’  And other people were saying, ‘You’re nuts. It’s Elvis Presley.’  But I said, ‘I just can’t do that.’ Something in my heart said, ‘Don’t do that.’  And I just didn’t do it. Of course, he would have done a killer rendition…but anyway, so he didn’t.  Then, when Whitney Houston’s version came out years later, I made so much money from it, I could’ve bought Graceland!”

Whitney Houston and Dolly Parton at the 1994 Grammy Awards

Houston’s version of “I Will Always Love You,” released in 1992 on the film soundtrack for “The Bodyguard,” spent an incredible 14 weeks at #1 on the Pop charts, bringing the song to an exponentially wider mainstream audience than Parton’s original had achieved.  It played a large part in turning her into one of the wealthiest songwriters in music history.

And that’s merely the most famous of the thousands of songs she has written since breaking into show business in 1966, earning her a much-deserved spot in the Songwriters Hall of Fame.  “Writing’s just as natural to me as getting up and cooking breakfast,” she said in 2002. “I ain’t never far away from a pencil and paper or a tape recorder. I write every day, even when I’m on a plane, in the tub or on the bus. It burns in me. It’s my way of channeling my feelings and my thoughts, the things I see, the people I care about. I think my head would explode if I didn’t get some of that stuff out.”

Full confession:  I’ve never been much of a country music fan myself.  I’m often amused or touched by the lyrics, but pure country music is simply not my cup of tea. Consequently, my knowledge of and appreciation for Parton’s recorded catalog has until recently been limited to her most well-known songs, particularly 1977’s “Here You Come Again” (the engaging Barry Mann-Cynthia Weil tune that marked her first appearance in the mainstream Top Ten), her perky 1981 #1 international hit “9 to 5” from the hit film comedy, and “Islands in the Stream,” the 1983 chart-topping duet with Kenny Rogers.

Over the past 25 years or so, my wife and two daughters have become big fans of country artists, and since moving to Nashville in 2023, I’ve felt inexorably drawn to give the genre more attention.  Although I suspect I’ll always be a rock and roll guy at heart, I have broadened my horizons to examine and eventually embrace many country songs, including several of Dolly’s.

In particular, I’m kind of obsessed over “Jolene,” a marvelous tune she wrote in 1973 whose narrator worries about a gorgeous woman who has been making eyes at her new husband.  “Please don’t take him just because you can,” the lyrics implore, and that sentiment rang true with millions of country fans who sent it to #1 on the country charts.  Even Rolling Stone ranked “Jolene” #214 on its list of “the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.”

Beyond her voluminous recorded catalog of more than 55 solo albums and another dozen LPs with Wagoner, Parton has also impressed me with her film appearances, especially her hilarious 1980 debut in “9 to 5,” where she steals the movie with her portrayal of secretary Doralee Rhodes, and her award-winning turn as the madam in 1983’s “The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas.”  As in nearly every television performance or interview you can find on YouTube, Parton absolutely lights up the screen with her affable, cheery disposition.

Jane Fonda, Parton’s co-star in “9 to 5,” had this to say about her this week: Dolly was simultaneously a naughty, playful southern gal from the hollows of Tennessee and a deep, soulful thinker who could see through people right down to their true selves. She was many things…lyricist, songstress, player of many instruments, writer, prankster, visionary, loyal friend. Dolly will always be with us because she was so present, so powerful, so generous and playful that she is woven into all our lives and hearts forever.”

Jane Fonda, Lily Tomlin and Dolly Parton with Dabney Coleman in “9 to 5”

Parton’s gentle philosophy of inclusion, acceptance and tolerance for all people led her to take some brave stands along the way. She firmly declined to get involved in political matters, but her hardscrabble childhood, which included being ostracized by classmates for her rough-around-the-edges clothing, led her to embrace the have-nots and ridiculed of society. She stood up for the LGBTQ+ community by writing and singing “Travelin’ Thru,” the Oscar-nominated song from “Transamerica,” the 2005 movie about a transgender woman seeking to connect with her son. In 2017, Parton collaborated with Miley Cyrus, her goddaughter, to record “Rainbowland,” a tribute to gay pride and liberation.

Said Parton, “I don’t believe that we should criticize and judge other people. I think we should be accepting and loving. We are all God’s children. We are who we are, and we should be allowed to be who we are. I just think that we should be more loving, more caring. We are who we are. If you’re gay, you’re gay. If you’re straight, you’re straight, and you should be allowed to be, you know, how you are, and who you are.”

Brandi Carlile, the openly gay superstar, said this week, “Even before I ever met her, I loved her because she took a risk and accepted me (and all of us) for being gay in a time where she didn’t need to say anything. She has been asked to comment and speak on many things over the years, choosing only to speak on that which brings love and mercy to real people, and shutting down any line of questioning that doesn’t. She never wavered on accepting anyone for who they were.”

Dolly appearing with Johnny Carson in 1977

Parton’s self-deprecating sense of humor has served her well, particularly in regard to what she called her “substantial bosom.” As a guest on “The Tonight Show” in the late ’70s, she burst out laughing when Johnny Carson said of her outfit, on the air, “I’d give up a year’s salary for one peek under there!” She always took such comments in stride, and often told jokes of her own. A classic: “I was always a feminist but I never burned my bra.  I was afraid it would take the fire department four days to put it out!”

Comedian John Caponera related this funny anecdote yesterday. “In 1995, I was picked to play Dolly’s love interest in a situation comedy called ‘Heavens to Betsy.’ They filmed six episodes but the show never made it to air. There was one episode where there was a scene that called for me to make out with Dolly. That’s right, I made out with Dolly Parton! Am I bragging? Hell yeah!”

What a remarkable ride she has had — “from the back hills of Tennessee to the Hollywood Hills,” as she put it in 2017. She was born Dolly Rebecca Parton in 1946, the fourth of 12 children brought up in a one-room cabin near the hardscrabble hamlet of Pittman Center in eastern Tennessee, where her father worked the land and her mother struggled to raise the family while instilling in Dolly her love of music and folklore.  Raised in the Church of God where her grandfather pastored, Parton first sang in church at age 6 and started playing guitar and writing songs at age 8.

Dolly Parton in 1966

Appearances on local radio and TV programs eventually caught the eye of industry folks, and upon graduation from high school, she moved to Nashville and signed with Combine Publishing.  Several of her earliest compositions (“Put It Off Until Tomorrow” and “Fuel to the Flame”) became Top Ten country hits, and still others were recorded by major country names like Kitty Wells and Hank Williams Jr.

Parton was always reverential about the artists who so influenced her at an early age.  “Kitty Wells was the first and only Queen of Country Music, no matter what they call the rest of us now.  She was a great inspiration to me as well as every other female singer in the country music business.  In addition to being a wonderful asset to country music, she was a wonderful woman.”

When Monument Records signed Dolly as a recording artist at age 20, it was initially as a bubblegum pop singer, but when that didn’t pan out, and her country songs achieved notoriety as covered by others, she was given the chance to record “Hello, I’m Dolly,” her debut as a country singer.  It didn’t take long for Wagoner, an established country star with multiple #1 hits to his credit, to offer her a regular spot on his weekly syndicated TV gig “The Porter Wagoner Show,” which, at its peak, was reaching three million viewers in 100 markets.

Dolly with Porter Wagoner in 1970

As she and Wagoner scored big with a dozen collaboration albums during this period, Parton aimed her ambitions higher, persevering in the face of reluctant record company people to record solo albums and establish a name for herself outside of her association with Wagoner.  To his credit, Wagoner supported her efforts, both financially and as a friend.

Dolly was a firm believer in pursuing your dreams. “Find out who you are and do it on purpose. And do it with purpose,” she was famous for saying. “Don’t ever sacrifice who you are, your principles and your morals and your values, to just try to get ahead in business. It ain’t worth it.”

Her hard work paid off.  Between 1970 and 1990, Dolly Parton racked up a staggering total of 40 Top Ten country singles, including an incredible 22 reaching #1. Her track record on the Country Album charts during that same 20-year span was nearly as impressive, registering 16 Top Ten albums. From 1990 onward, she managed to maintain her album chart residency, putting 11 LPs in the Country Top Ten, but her singles no longer made much of a ripple.

Linda Ronstadt, Emmylou Harris and Dolly in 1987

Among her many collaborative efforts through the years was a hugely successful project with Linda Ronstadt and Emmylou Harris for an album called “Trio” in 1987, which reached #6 on Pop charts, and sparked an encore, “Trio II,” in 1999. Hearing those three voices harmonizing on tracks like Parton’s “Wildflowers,” Alan O’Bryant’s “Those Memories of You” and especially Neil Young’s “After the Gold Rush” will send shivers up your spine.

In 2000, when asked about the ups and downs of her career, Parton said this: “I’ve been as poor as anyone can be, so I had everything to gain and nothing to lose. So I just kind of work without fear because it’s fun for me. If I fail, it’s no big deal. If something don’t work, I’m not afraid of failure, because to me, I never feel like a loser. Even when I’ve lost, I feel like I’m winning because I’m earning some sort of experience I can use somewhere else. But I have a good attitude. I work hard at being happy. I really enjoy my life. I’m happy because I get to make a living at what I love to do.”

Beginning in the late ’80s, Parton began focusing much of her attention on establishing Dollywood, the amusement theme park in Pigeon Forge, Tennessee, and the Dollywood Foundation, which supports and raises millions of dollars to help with educational and health-related charities, particularly in her home state of Tennessee.  “I always thought that if I became successful at what I had started out to do, that I wanted to come back to my part of the country and do something great, something that would bring a lot of jobs into this area,” she said.

Particularly notable has been her literacy awareness program, Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library, sparked by her devotion to her father, who couldn’t read nor write.  The program seeks to instill a love for books and a yearn to learn how to read at a young age by donating one book every month to each enrolled child.  The Imagination Library currently counts three million children as registered members, and has donated more than 300 million books throughout the US, Canada, the UK and Australia.

“Everywhere I go these days, the kids call me ‘the book lady,’” Parton said.  “The older I get, the more appreciative I am of the ‘book lady’ title.  It makes me feel more like a legitimate person, not just a singer or an entertainer.  It makes me feel like I’ve done something really worthwhile with my life and with my success.”

Indeed. A woman on social media wrote this week, “My seven-year-old daughter heard me say Dolly Parton died, and she got visibly very sad. I said, “Honey, I didn’t know you knew Dolly Parton.” She said, “Well, I didn’t know her, really, but she sent me books.” Wow. Now, that’s a legacy!

Parton and her husband of 52 years, Carl Dean (who died in 2025), never had children.  “I’ve never been fortunate enough to get pregnant, so I just feel God didn’t mean for me to have kids,” she said.  “So I guess I just look at everybody else’s children as mine, and I reach out to help kids in every way I can.”

In recent years, she conceded that people would tease her a bit about her cosmetic surgery, but in her self-effacing way, she always had a ready response: “I don’t think I’ve ever been a natural beauty, so I try to make the best of everything. It takes a lot of money to look this cheap! If I see something sagging, bagging or dragging, I’ll get it nipped, tucked or sucked!”

Her induction into the Country Music Hall of Fame back in 1999 was a foregone conclusion, but many people were scratching their heads when she was selected in 2022 for induction in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. She had occasionally stuck her toe into non-country music waters on startling covers of The Temptations’ “My Girl,” Bob Dylan’s “Don’t Think Twice, It’s All Right,” The Four Tops “I Can’t Help Myself,” Petula Clark’s “Downtown,” Cat Stevens’ “Peace Train” and Smokey Robinson’s “The Tracks of My Tears,” but even Parton herself felt uncomfortable being lauded by the Rock Hall.

“I didn’t feel like I’d done enough to deserve that,” she said. When the Rock Hall refused her request to rescind the honor, Parton said to herself, “Well, I guess I’m going to have to do a rock album!” She approached a couple dozen rock legends about helping her record some rock classics, and they all enthusiastically jumped at the chance: Elton John, Debbie Harry, Sting, Ann Wilson, John Fogerty, Stevie Nicks, Peter Frampton, Joan Jett, Michael McDonald, Pat Benatar and more can be heard on “Rockstar,” released in 2023 as her final LP, and it reached #3 on the Pop charts, her best showing ever on that listing. Critics called it “monumentally hideous, yet strangely glorious” and wryly described it as “the millennium’s most expensive karaoke party.”

Said McDonald this week: “Few musicians have had their compositions transcend all genre, seen their artistry touch so many hearts worldwide and stayed at the top of their game as a performer for 60-plus years. She was a superstar who somehow managed to live a life of quiet dignity in the midst of it all.”

Sir Paul McCartney, who recorded “Let It Be” with Parton, was moved this week to say, She was so bubbly and full of life. It’s difficult to take in the news that she has passed. Her songwriting, her singing and her philanthropy were unrivaled in the world of country music, and the music world in general. She was a very clever business woman who understood the value of her music and, most importantly, the effect that she had on the people of the world. There was no greater honour for me than to have her sing my song ‘Let It Be.’ Thanks, Dolly. You were the best.

Dolly in 2015

When she was in her 70s, people used to ask Parton, “Why don’t you retire?” Her reply:  “And do what?  What does that even mean?  I always count my blessings more than I count my money.  For me, it’s about the art.  I love the job.  I love to work.”

But her health issues finally caught up with her. She’d struggled years ago with endometriosis, had a hysterectomy in the 1980s and, more recently, had problems with her immune and digestive systems. This month, it was a short bout with cancer that proved to be too much for her.

I’ll leave it to Parton’s longtime friend Reba McEntire to have the last words: “Dolly, thank you for all the wonderful things you did for us here on earth. You gave us your love, your music and so much with your huge, huge heart. There will never ever be another you. We will remember and cherish every memory and every note you ever played and sang. Thank you, Lord, for Dolly. She’s gonna have such a blast in heaven, singing all her favorite songs with her family and friends who have gone on before her.”

R.I.P., Dolly. What a void you’ve left behind.

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The Spotify playlist of 42 songs I’ve assembled reflect my personal preferences from her substantial catalog, arranged chronologically by date of release. If you’ve been a longtime Dolly Parton fan, no doubt you’ll question some of my choices (or, more accurately, the ones I didn’t choose…)

What the hell does that even mean?

It’s a funny thing, how songs we’ve heard a thousand times, songs we’ve sung along to, songs we’ve heard performed in concert, have lyrics that include words we probably don’t understand, but we sing along with them anyway.

There are plenty of examples of songs with lyrics we “mis-hear” — we think they’re singing A when in fact they’re singing B — but I’m talking about lyrics that include words we simply don’t recognize.  They’re unusual, esoteric, rarely used.  But they’re right there in the chorus of a #1 song, so we just go along with them.

Artists didn’t start including lyrics on the album sleeve until the late ’60s/early ’70s, and many bands simply couldn’t be bothered, or wouldn’t pay the extra bucks required to reprint them.  So we simply weren’t sure what we were hearing.  And there was no Internet to check to find out exactly what the words were. Until now.

Today, readers, we’re going to solve some age-old questions.  We’re going to provide definitions for words you’ve been singing since you were young but never really wrapped your head around.

Just so you can hear these words again in the context of their songs, there’s a Spotify playlist at the end.

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“You had one eye in the mirror as you watched yourself gavotte

From Carly Simon’s huge hit “You’re So Vain” in 1972, this line perfectly describes the behavior of the vain egotist who is far more interested in how he looks than in anyone or anything around him.  But what of this term “gavotte”?  It’s a French word for a flamboyant folk dance, wherein the dancer holds one hand aloft with the other on the hip in a very showy display that aptly suits the “it’s all about me” attitude of the vainglorious person described in the song.  (And by the way, who is the song about?  For many years, Simon steadfastly refused to say, but recently admitted that the second verse is about her dalliance with actor Warren Beatty.  The rest, she says, is a composite of several other egotists she knew.)

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“On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair, warm smell of colitas rising up through the air…

When Don Henley was fashioning the lyrics to Don Felder’s melody that became The Eagles’ 1977 signature song “Hotel California,” he chose to employ “colitas,” a term he’d heard a couple of Latino road crew members using.  Not to be confused with the intestinal disorder colitis, the word was at first thought to be some sort of desert flower, and Henley liked the way the word sounded rolling off his tongue.  But he liked it even more when he realized it was a Mexican word meaning “little buds” — specifically, small buds from marijuana plants.  In a song that summarized the hedonistic sex-and-drugs lifestyle of Los Angeles in the late ’70s, it was a clever inside joke.

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“Some people call me Maurice, ’cause I speak of the pompitous of love…”

Steve Miller has made a career of lifting musical and lyrical passages from other songs, claiming “artistic license” to keep the copyright lawyers at bay.  For the #1 hit “The Joker” from 1973, Miller used “pompitous” from an old ’50s tune by Vernon Green called “The Letter” (no relation to the #1 Box Tops/Joe Cocker hit from 1967/1970), which includes this line:  “Oh my darling, let me whisper sweet words of pizmotality and discuss the puppetutes of love.”  Let’s ignore “pizmotality” for now, and focus on how Green has said he coined the term “puppetutes,” meaning “a secret paper-doll fantasy girl who would be my everything and bear my children.”  Apparently Miller mis-heard “puppetutes” as “pompitous,” and it has since become a minor pop culture reference — there’s even a 1996 Jon Cryer movie called “The Pompitous of Love.”

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“It’s no use, he sees her, he starts to shake and cough, just like the old man in that book by Nabokov…”

Before becoming a founding member of The Police, bassist/songwriter/singer Sting had been an English teacher, and he knew of professors who had unwisely pursued trysts with underage schoolgirls. He thought the topic might generate a provocative set of lyrics for a rock song, and “Don’t Stand So Close to Me” went on to become one of the group’s biggest hits (#1 in England, #10 in the US, in 1980). Sting was also well aware of the famous 1955 novel “Lolita,” written by Russian author Vladimir Nabokov, which covered this same taboo subject, so Sting managed to insert the author’s name into the lyrics.

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“Back to back, sacroiliac, spineless movement and a wild attack…”

Blondie, led by singer Debbie Harry and guitarist Chris Stein, is considered one of the pioneers of New Wave coming out of New York in the mid-’70s, incorporating a mixture of punk, disco, pop, reggae and funk. In 1980, after they’d registered three #1 singles on US pop charts, Harry and Stein put together their first attempt at hip-hop with “Rapture,” using a disco beat with lyrics delivered mostly in a rap format. The words describe a crowded hip-hip dance floor in the Bronx (“face to face, dance cheek to cheek”), and in the first section, Harry sings the lyrics, mentioning “back to back” and “spineless movement.” Most pop music listeners are perhaps unfamiliar with the term “sacroiliac,” but it’s the name given to a pair of joints connecting the base of the spine to the hip bones, absorbing shock and transferring upper body weight to the legs. Pretty important on the dance floor!

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“He just smiled and gave me a vegemite sandwich, and he said, I come from a land down under, where beer does flow and men chunder…”

I always thought “vegemite” was just a word manufactured by Men At Work songwriter Colin Hay for a verse of his band’s 1983 #1 hit “Down Under.”  But no, vegemite is a real thing, at least in Australia.  It’s a sort of edible paste (think liver paté) made of brewers yeast, vegetables, wheat, and spices.  Aussies regularly slather it on toast, hide it in pastries, or make whole sandwiches out of it.  Sounds questionable to me, but it’s quite popular there.  It’s not a term you’re likely to hear in the States anytime soon… “Chunder,” on the other hand, is a fabulous verb you’d think the college fraternity crowd would have adopted by now.  It’s a synonym for throwing up.

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“I see a little silhouette of a man!  Scaramouche!  Scaramouche! Will you do the fandango?…

Who, or what, is Scaramouche?  No one seemed to know when Queen first released the epic “Bohemian Rhapsody” on its “A Night at the Opera” album in 1975.  Devotees of Italian opera and comedic theater knew very well, but your average rock ‘n roller didn’t have a clue.  Scaramouche, as it turns out, was a fictional clown character often seen in “Punch and Judy” puppet theater, a simple-minded fop who would be socked in the face or beheaded for his idiotic comments.  Songwriter Freddie Mercury said he chose to include the name in the song because he liked the way it sounded — memorable and bombastic.  (And “fandango,” by the way, is a lively Spanish dance involving castanets and tambourine.)

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“If there’s a bustle in your hedgerow, don’t be alarmed now…”

Americans were puzzled by this phrase in Led Zeppelin’s 1971 anthem “Stairway to Heaven,” but Brits caught on quickly enough.  Hedgerows are, literally, rows of hedges that were planted intentionally across the English countryside as property borders and, in times of war, as natural barricades to deter advancing armies.  A “bustle” (as in “the hustle-bustle of the crowd”) is simply a commotion. Therefore, if there’s a bustle in your hedgerow, well, you’d best be careful, for it might be an enemy soldier or some sort of angry animal.  On the other hand, perhaps it’s merely what lyricist Robert Plant said in the following line — a servant doing “just a spring clean for the May Queen.”

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Oleanders growing outside her door, soon they’re gonna be in bloom up in Annandale…”

Steely Dan was notorious for obscure lyrical references, and “oleanders” from the 1973 classic “My Old School” is but one example.  It’s a pretty but toxic flowering plant often used in median strips of highways in the American Southwest because of its hardiness and vivid colors.  Annandale-on-Hudson is a community outside New York City where Donald Fagen and Walter Becker first met while attending Bard College there. Oleanders aren’t likely to grow or flourish in that area, so the songwriters decided to put them there as a sort of absurd contradiction.

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“Colour sky rose carmethene, alazarin crimson, wear your love like heaven…”

From 1965 to the early 1970s, Donovan Leitch enjoyed a very successful career in the US and his native UK as a poet and singer-songwriter, adopting a gently psychedelic flower-child persona. In addition to his skills as a musician and songwriter, Donovan also enjoyed the art of painting. In his trippy single from 1967, “Wear Your Love Like Heaven” (a #23 hit on US pop charts that year), he mentioned a number of dyes and pigments he had run across in his work, deciding “carmethene” and “alazarin” sounded intriguing when used to describe the colors of the sky as sunset approached.

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“Draw me ’round your fruitcage, I will be your honeybee, open up your fruitcage, where the fruit is as sweet as can be…”

When art rocker Peter Gabriel hit his commercial peak in 1986 with his “So” album and worldwide #1 hit “Sledgehammer,” his lyrics were full of double entendres with subtle sexual references.  This lyric is clearly among his most blatant:  “Fruitcage” is, in fact, British slang for female private parts.  So now you know.  And you’ve probably figured out what he means by “sledgehammer” now as well…

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The Beatles — specifically John Lennon — loved to use arcane, vague vocabulary that added mystique and left his songs open to interpretation.  Here are four examples of several he used in his most inventive work.

Semolina pilchard, climbing up the Eiffel Tower…”

“Semolina” are the hard grains left over after the milling of flour.  “Pilchard” is a small, oily herring fish.  In his mostly nonsensical “I Am the Walrus,” Lennon was deliberately writing lyrics that would baffle all the pundits who were trying to find hidden meanings in Beatles songs.  He paired “semolina” and “pilchard” together for no reason other than they sounded interesting to him — although he added years later that “pilchard” is close to “Pilcher,” or Det. Sgt. Normal Pilcher, the London drug cop who zealously slapped drug possession charges on rock stars (including Lennon) in the ’60s.

“Picture yourself on a train in a station with plasticine porters with looking-glass ties…”

“Plasticine,” invented in England in the 1890s, is a type of modeling clay made of calcium salts, petroleum jelly and acids, meant for use by artists who needed their material to stay malleable so they could reshape and reuse it when necessary.  It’s known best in the U.S. as the medium used in stop-motion animation (“claymation”) projects.  Lennon liked it for use in “Lucy in the Sky With Diamonds” as an adjective describing what some people might look like to someone tripping on LSD.

“Over men and horses, hoops and garters, lastly through a hogshead of real fire…”

A “hogshead” is not a hog’s head at all, but a unit of measure, typically for liquids like wine or distilled spirits but also for food commodities like sugar.  It’s about the size of a large pickle barrel and equals roughly 80 gallons.  In the 1967 “Sgt. Pepper” tune “Being For the Benefit of Mr. Kite,” it referred to the size of the barrel ring of fire someone might jump through in a feat of derring-do.

“The man in the crowd with the multi-coloured mirrors on his hobnail boots…”

“Hobnail” is a fastener that was used among cobblers in the design of workboots for the military and farm laborers.  It holds the sole firmly to the shoe and provides traction in uneven soil.  Why “the man in the crowd” in the 1968 song “Happiness is a Warm Gun” might attach multicolored mirrors to his hobnail boots is another matter.  Lennon said he and his schoolmates would sometimes put mirrors on their shoes so they could look up the skirts of unsuspecting females.

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Do you recall any other strange terms used in hit songs that you’ve never quite understood?  Let me know about them, and I’ll see if I can ferret out the hidden meaning behind them.  Although some may have no meaning at all:  Anyone care to take a stab at “Sham-a-lam-a-ding-dong,” “Wop-bop-a-loo-bop, a-lop-bam-boom” or “Goo goo g’joob“?

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