Makin’ love was just for fun, those days are gone

In the summer of 1972, a song started getting airplay that grabbed my attention. It had strong power chords like The Who, a vocal chorus like The Beach Boys, and lyrics that boldly talked about “going all the way.” As a teenager growing up in Cleveland, I was jazzed to discover the tune was by a local group called The Raspberries, who had been playing gigs at area high schools and teen clubs since 1970.

“Go All the Way” reached #5 on the national pop chart in October, followed by a second big hit, “I Wanna Be With You,” within a month or two. Despite these Top Ten successes, some critics and hipster album buyers turned their noses up at the group, calling them “wimpy Beatles imitators,” which hurt their momentum and reputation at a time when more complex music by progressive rock bands was in vogue.

Too bad. The band cranked out four LPs and managed one more Top 20 hit before frustration and internal dissension caused them to throw in the towel. Today, The Raspberries are praised as one of the pioneers of the “power pop” sub-genre that inspired many dozens of groups in the years since, from The Cars and Squeeze to The Bangles and The Posies.

The group’s lead singer and chief songwriter, who embarked on a solo career in 1975 and enjoyed worldwide fame for a half-dozen popular singles over the next 15 years, was Eric Carmen, who passed away this past week at age 74.

Although he is more broadly known as a balladeer for his solo work — particularly the 1975 power ballad “All By Myself” and his #3 hit from the 1987 “Dirty Dancing” film soundtrack, “Hungry Eyes” — I want to focus first on what Carmen was trying to do with The Raspberries.

Artists like Badfinger (“No Matter What,” “Baby Blue”) and Todd Rundgren (“We Gotta Get You a Woman,” “Couldn’t I Just Tell You”) and even early songs by The Who (“Substitute,” “I Can’t Explain”) exemplified the power pop sound, but many industry insiders have cited The Raspberries as the quintessential power pop band. “They are THE great underrated power pop masters,” Bruce Springsteen wrote in 2007. “Their best records sound as fun and as fresh today as when they were released. Soaring choruses, Beach Boys harmonies over crunchy Who guitars, lyrics simultaneously innocent and lascivious — that’s an unbeatable combination.”

The Raspberries in 1972: Jim Bonfanti, Wally Bryson, Eric Carmen; Dave Smalley in front

Referring to “Go All the Way,” Carmen once said, “I wanted to write an explicitly sexual lyric that the kids would instantly get but the powers that be couldn’t pin me down for. So I turned it around so that the girl is encouraging the guy to go all the way, rather than the stereotypical thing of the guy trying to make the girl have sex with him. I figured that made us seem a little more innocent. We decided, ‘Let’s start it out like The Who, but when we get to the questionable part, we’ll do it like choir boys and maybe they’ll let it slide.”

Carmen had shown musical talent early, taking violin lessons from an aunt who played in The Cleveland Orchestra, and also learned piano and dreamed of writing songs. In high school, he was the lead singer in a series of bands, playing piano and guitar. While attending nearby John Carroll University, he cut one record (“Get the Message”) with a group called Cyrus Erie, which included guitarist Wally Bryson, who joined him in forming The Raspberries. Capitol Records signed them to a four-album deal.

“We got noticed by going completely against the grain in 1972,” Carmen said years later. “Prog rock and glam rock were ‘in,’ and FM radio embraced it, but I hated it. I loved the Beatles, The Who, the Byrds, the Stones, the Beach Boys and the Small Faces. Most of their songs were instantly appealing.”

The 1972 debut LP with scratch-and-sniff cover; the second LP, “Fresh Raspberries”

I can’t fail to mention the gimmick employed upon release of their “Raspberries” debut album: The shrink wrap was adorned with a scratch-and-sniff sticker that smelled strongly of raspberries. The sticker must’ve been drenched in some potent concoction, because my copy of the album STILL has a faint raspberry aroma more than 50 years later!

The Raspberries’ catalog had great hook-filled power pop tunes like “Let’s Pretend” and “Tonight,” but sprinkled in there were mellower ballads like “Don’t Want to Say Goodbye” and “I Saw the Light,” dominated more by piano and string arrangements that recalled Paul McCartney’s oeuvre. That, apparently, was part of the problem, Carmen said.

“There were a lot of people in 1972 who were not ready for any band that even remotely resembled the Beatles,” he noted. “Critics liked us, girls liked us, but I guess their 18-year-old, album-buying brothers said ‘no.’ We got pretty frustrated, and things got a little intense.”

Two members of The Raspberries, drummer Jim Bonfanti and bassist Dave Smalley, left the group in 1974 and were replaced by Michael McBride and Scott McCarl, respectively, for their fourth and (as it turned out) final LP, “Starting Over.” Ironically, due to its harder rocking leanings (check out the Who-like “I Don’t Know What I Want”), Rolling Stone picked it as the best rock album of the year, but it flopped on the charts despite its superb single, the hopeful “Overnight Sensation (Hit Record).” Bryson’s tune, “Party’s Over,” chronicled his disillusionment with the music business: “When we started, it was a lot of fun, and the times we had I’ll never forget, /But now I’m older and wiser and a bit of a miser, and it’s crazy, but I don’t want to quit, /Ain’t it a shame, the party’s over…”

It’s telling that the song “Starting Over,” a piano-driven ballad, gave strong hints about the direction Carmen’s solo career would take when he released his “Eric Carmen” debut LP on Arista Records in late 1975. While there were several irresistible pop tracks that would have fit comfortably on any Raspberries album, the massively successful “All By Myself” (which I liked but grew sick of through overexposure) was often described as maudlin and overly sentimental. The fact that it was derived from a piano concerto by Sergei Rachmaninoff, covered by Frank Sinatra and later became a hit for Celine Dion indicates the kind of non-rock audiences that enthusiastically welcomed it.

The rest of the debut LP, though, is consistently strong and gorgeously produced by Jimmy Ienner, who had manned the boards for all four Raspberries albums as well. Great stuff here: the effervescent opener “Sunrise,” the Top 20 hit “Never Gonna Fall in Love Again,” the Brian Wilson-ish “My Girl” (no relation to the Temptations hit) and the dynamic cover of the ’60s chestnut “On Broadway.” Teen idol Shaun Cassidy had a big hit covering the album track “That’s Rock and Roll” two years later, and the hard-rocking “No Hard Feelings” did a nice job of summarizing the end of The Raspberries: “Four years on, and things were really gettin’ too intense, /Critics raving ’bout our album, but we’re makin’ fifty cents, /We gave it everything we had to give, but it was gettin’ so tough, /Too much frustration makes it hard to live, I think enough is enough, /I hope there’s no hard feelings ’cause there isn’t anyone to blame…”

Carmen decided to up his game in 1977 with the more artful album “Boats Against the Current,” which didn’t do as well commercially but sported more sophisticated songwriting on tracks like “Nowhere to Hide” (featuring The Guess Who’s Burton Cummings sharing vocals), “Marathon Man” and the title song.

His career arc took a dip when his three subsequent LPs in 1978 (“Change of Heart”), 1980 (“Tonight You’re Mine”) and 1984 (another LP entitled “Eric Carmen”) flopped on the album charts, although he managed two Top 40 chart appearances for the somewhat slight “Change of Heart” and “I Wanna Hear It From Your Lips,” which sounded suspiciously close to Springsteen’s lost classic “Fire.”

Interestingly, his next move was to collaborate with lyricist Dean Pitchford to write “Almost Paradise,” which became a #7 hit from the 1984 “Footloose” film soundtrack as sung in a duet by Loverboy’s Mike Reno and Heart’s Ann Wilson. That project led rather seamlessly to two more major successes for Carmen as a recording artist: The 1987 hit “Hungry Eyes” from the “Dirty Dancing” soundtrack, which peaked at #4, followed by another co-write in 1988 with Pitchford, the #3 smash “Make Me Lose Control.”

Those hits proved lucrative enough for him to back away from the business in 1990, abandoning the Los Angeles scene to return to his roots in Cleveland, where he spent most of the past 30 years laying low with his family in his high-end digs in Gates Mills.

Although his American audience proved rather fickle, running hot and cold in turn, Carmen was as surprised as anyone when he developed a rabid following in Japan, where crowds greeted him in Beatlemania-type frenzy. In 1982, I interviewed Carmen as he played host to a half-dozen Tokyo-based contest winners, who visited him in his Cleveland home, checked out some childhood landmarks and sat in on a mixing session in a local recording studio.

He was only sporadically active during recent decades. Carmen released one last LP in 1998, “Winter Dreams,” only in Japan, which included his own version of “Almost Paradise,” more co-writes with Pitchford, and cover versions of ’60s classics “Caroline, No” and “Walk Away Renee.” (The album was eventually released in the US as “I Was Born to Love You,” but it’s no longer available.)

In 2000, Carmen signed on for a stint in Ringo Starr’s All-Starr Band, performing 40 concerts with the likes of Dave Edmunds, Jack Bruce, Simon Kirke and, of course, Starr. Carmen was featured on “Hungry Eyes,” “Never Gonna Fall in Love Again,” “Go All the Way” and “All By Myself.” In 2014, as part of the release of “The Essential Eric Carmen” 2-CD compilation, he recorded and released his last new song, “Brand New Year.”

The Raspberries’ Smalley, Bonfanti and Carmen in concert, 2004 (Bryson out of frame)

As for The Raspberries, any ill will between the members was eventually forgiven long enough for the group to reunite in 2004 for a well-received special show in Cleveland to commemorate the opening of the House of Blues location there, which precipitated another half-dozen shows at other House of Blues venues in 2005. The band’s legacy got another boost in 2014 when “Go All the Way” was used prominently on the “Guardians of the Galaxy” film soundtrack, exposing them to a whole new generation of fans.

Carmen and his third wife, Amy Murphy, 2018

Out of the small handful of rock musicians who have Cleveland connections, Carmen is a native who arguably achieved greater fame than anyone else on the list. (Joe Walsh lived in five other cities while growing up before attending nearby Kent State University and becoming a star in The James Gang; Chrissie Hynde is from Akron, not Cleveland; same goes for The Black Keys; Trent Reznor of Nine Inch Nails began his music career in Cleveland but grew up elsewhere; Benjamin Orr of The Cars and Neil Geraldo of Pat Benatar’s band grew up as proud Clevelanders and sold tons of records, but their names aren’t well-known outside rock music circles; artists like Tracy Chapman and Marc Cohn grew up in Cleveland but left early and haven’t had much nice to say about the city since leaving; and Michael Stanley, a Clevelander who was wildly popular there, isn’t all that well known elsewhere.)

In my view, The Raspberries (and probably Carmen as a solo artist) are every bit as deserving of induction in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as many bands that are already in there, but they’ve never even been nominated. It would be nice if Cleveland’s biggest rock star had his name on the wall.

Rest In Peace, Eric.

****************************

It’s B-side the point

In 1962 in London, a Decca Records executive, a hapless soul who shall remain nameless, yawned as he listened to the audition of a fledgling band from Liverpool.  He showed them the door as he told their manager:  “Guitar groups are on the way out, Mr. Epstein.  Go back to Liverpool.” A few months later, George Martin at EMI Records signed The Beatles and went on to change popular music history.

Record company executives have certainly made their share of correct decisions over the years when it comes to backing the right artists and picking the right song.  But there are hundreds of examples throughout the rock ‘n roll era of some glaring missteps, when execs showed questionable judgment and made some wrong choices.  Sometimes others stepped up later to make the right choice, or disc jockeys and radio listeners made the right choice for them.

There have been many instances throughout the rock music era when a record company or producer showed tin ears when selecting the songs that would appear on the next single.  They would listen to a new artist’s work and say, “THIS is the song that has hit potential.”  They would then release a single, which had an A-side and a B-side. The supposed hit would be promoted on the A-side, while the B-side was pretty much just thrown in as an extra, taking up space on the other side of the 45.  But lo and behold, sometimes the song these wizards thought would be a hit was not as compelling as the supposed “filler” that sat on the B-side.  Savvy DJs checked out the flip side and decided it was the better song, and it became the hit instead.

In 1954, the record company for Bill Haley and the Comets — Decca, again showing poor judgement — somehow didn’t see the appeal of the band’s effervescent “Rock Around the Clock” and shuffled it off to the B-side of an otherwise forgettable song, “13 Women.”  The next year, “Rock Around the Clock” was featured in the teen flick “The Blackboard Jungle,” ended up a #1 song in 1955 and is generally regarded as the first-ever rock ‘n roll hit single.  

This continued:  Gene Vincent’s landmark “Be-Bop-a Lula” and The Champs’ classic “Tequila” were originally released as B-sides, playing second fiddle to clunkers like “Woman Love” and “Train to Nowhere” respectively.  “Save the Last Dance for Me,” the marvelous 1960 tune by The Drifters, was a B-side upon release, as was Booker T. and the MGs’ 1962 hit “Green Onions,” an instrumental that easily overshadowed the intended single “Behave Yourself.”

Decca Records may have passed on The Beatles but they managed to sign The Rolling Stones…however, more than once, the song they assigned to the B-side outperformed the A-side.

The Last Time” was more successful than the intended 1965 single “Play With Fire,” and Decca also chose “Let’s Spend the Night Together” as the 1967 single, but its lyrics were considered too risqué for AM radio, and DJs instead played its B-side, “Ruby Tuesday,” which went to #1.

There was also Rod Stewart’s 1971 single “Reason to Believe,” a modest remake of an old Tim Hardin folk song that Rod’s people felt would do well as a single.  On the flip side, they inserted an album track called “Maggie May.”  DJs chose to play that one instead, and it, too, rocketed to #1.

In 1974, The Doobie Brothers released a single, “Another Park, Another Sunday,” that barely cracked the Top 40, but its B-side, “Black Water,” got substantial airplay and ended up as the group’s only #1 single. Even a fabulous tune like the 1971 Bill Withers beauty “Ain’t No Sunshine” was initially pegged as a throwaway B-side.  In 1972, The Spinners put out a single called “How Could I Let You Get Away” that stiffed, but its B-side, “I”ll Be Around,” became a #3 hit that year.

In 1979, Gloria Gaynor, a disco vocalist, released a new single called “Substitute” (no relation to The Who’s song of the same name), but DJs preferred the B-side, a little number called “I Will Survive,” and instead played that as, um, a substitute.  It went on to become not only a monster #1 hit but one of the iconic songs of the disco era, and the feminist and gay rights movements as well.

Usually, B-sides were songs found on the same album as the A-side song, but now and then, artists would use the B-sides to feature rare extra tracks unavailable elsewhere.  If you were an album buyer like me, you didn’t buy singles, so you wouldn’t know, for instance, that when Led Zeppelin released the single “Immigrant Song” in 1970 from “Led Zeppelin III,” the flip side, a catchy track called “Hey Hey What Can I Do,” was available only if you bought the single.  Same with Fleetwod Mac’s 1977 hit “Go Your Own Way,” the leadoff single from the 25-million-selling album “Rumours.”  The flip side of that single, Stevie Nicks’ gorgeous “Silver Springs,” had been cut from the “Rumours” lineup and ended up becoming a B-side rarity.

Bruce Springsteen released an unprecedented nine singles from his 1984 blockbuster “Born in the USA” album, and each one featured a B-side that was unavailable elsewhere (“Pink Cadillac” paired with “Dancing in the Dark,” and “Johnny Bye Bye” paired with “I’m On Fire,” for example).  He later compiled all these B-sides on a limited edition EP, but for years, they could only be found on the 45s.

As vinyl singles gave way to cassette singles in the ’80s and ’90s and then to mp3 files, iTunes, and other online music delivery systems, the importance of A-sides versus B-sides was significantly diminished.  Fans can now get their hands on pretty much whatever songs they like, so it’s no longer as relevant which tracks the record labels and artists designate as the hit or the also-ran.  But for decades, it was fun for DJs, fans, and collectors to sometimes prove the “hit makers” wrong by finding B-sides that were superior to their trumped-up A-sides.

In 1969, a band known as Steam recorded a song called “It’s the Magic in You Girl,” selected by their label as a potential hit.  They were then told, “Okay, now record something else, anything at all, to put on the B-side of the single.  It can be instrumental, it doesn’t matter.  Whatever you want.”  In less than an hour, they came up with a light commercial jam with throwaway lyrics and a chorus of “na na na”s, and they were done.  When the single was released, the DJs thought “It’s the Magic in You Girl” was lame and ignored it, but they loved the catchy ditty on the B-side.  Within a few weeks, “Na Na Hey Hey Kiss Him Goodbye” was the #1 song in the country!

*************************